History of the Internet

The Internet is a computer network established by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1969, through a project called ARPANET ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), where they demonstrated how the hardware and software are UNIX-based computers, we can make communication within the infinity through the telephone line.

ARPANET project designing a network, reliability, how much information can be transferred, and finally all the standards that they set into the embryo development of new protocols that are now known as TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).

The initial goal of the project is built for military purposes. At that time the United States Department of Defense (U.S. Department of Defense) create a system of distributed computer network by connecting the computer in areas vital to tackle the problem in case of a nuclear attack and to avoid centralized information, which in the event of war can easily be destroyed.

At first ARPANET only 4 sites linking only the Stanford Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Utah, where they form an integrated network in 1969, and in general the ARPANET was introduced in October 1972. Not long after the project is growing rapidly across the region, and all universities in the country wants to join, thus making it difficult to set the ARPANET.

Therefore ARPANET split widened two, namely "MILNET" for military purposes and the "ARPANET" new smaller for non-military purposes, such as universities. Combined both networks eventually known as the DARPA Internet, which then reduces to the Internet

Internet maintained by bilateral or multilateral agreements and technical specifications (protocol which describes the data transfer between the circuit). These protocols established by the Internet Engineering Task Force discussions (IETF), which is open to the public. The agency issued the documents that are recognized as RFC (Request for Comments). Some RFCs are Internet standards (Internet Standard), by the Internet Architecture Board (Internet Architecture Board - IAB). Internet protocols are commonly used are IP, TCP, UDP, DNS, PPP, SLIP, ICMP, POP3, IMAP, SMTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, Telnet, FTP, LDAP, and SSL.

Some popular services on the Internet using the above protocol, is an email / electronic mail, Usenet, Newsgroups, share files (File Sharing), WWW (World Wide Web), Gopher, session access (Session Access), WAIS, finger, IRC, MUD and MUSH. Among all of these, email / electronic mail and the World Wide Web is more often used, and many other services are built upon them, such a mailing list (Mailing List) and Weblog. Internet allows the current service (Real-time service), such as web radio, and webcast, which can be accessed around the world. Also through the Internet it is possible to communicate directly between two or more users through instant messenger programs such as Camfrog, Pidgin (Gaim), Trilian, Kopete, Yahoo! Messenger, MSN Messenger Windows Live Messenger, Twitter, Facebook and so forth.

Some popular Internet service is based on a closed system (Proprietary System), is like IRC, ICQ, AIM, CDDB, and Gnutella.

A large number of Internet users and growing, has embodied the Internet culture. Internet also has a great influence on science, and world view. With only berpandukan search engines like Google, users worldwide have easy Internet access on a variety of information. Compared with books and libraries, the Internet represents a (Decentralization) / knowledge (knowledge) and data information to extremes.

Development of the Internet has also influenced economic development. Various sale and purchase transactions that previously could only be done by face-to-face (and some very small by mail or telephone), is now extremely easy and often done via the Internet. Transactions over the Internet is known as e-commerce.

Associated with the government, the Internet also fueled the growth of government transparency through the implementation of e-government as Sragen which was successfully deliver increased local revenue by leveraging the Internet for transparency in the management of public funds and cuts through the red tape, so that the residents in the area on the stretcher so profitable as the civil servants can also be improved kesejahterannya because local revenue increased sharply.

Just as a community, the Internet also has a certain order, which is known as Nettiquette or in Indonesian known as netiquette.
In Indonesia in addition to a social order on the Internet also enacted legislation (UU ITE).

There are doubts about the Internet community culminating in a controversial ingredient in it. Copyright infringement, pornography, identity theft, and hate speech (hate speech), is a common and difficult to maintain. Until 2007, Indonesia still has Cyberlaw, whereas academic draft bill Cyberlaw been discussed since 2000 by the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication and the Ministry. Law is still something to do with information technology and telecommunications is the Telecommunications Act of 1999.

Internet is also blamed by some people for being the cause of death. Brandon Vedas died of a drug use that goes beyond the spirit of friends chatting IRCnya. Shawn Woolley committed suicide because of the addiction to the online game, Everquest. Brandes was stabbed killed, and eaten by Armin Meiwes after answering an ad in the Internet.

Countries with the best Internet access, including South Korea (50% instead of the population has access jalurlebar - Broadband), and Sweden. There are two common forms of Internet access, ie dial-up, and jalurlebar. In Indonesia, such as developing countries where access to the Internet and PC penetration is already quite high with cheap Internet and supports cheap netbook, only operator in Indonesia less than fair in pricing and there is even one of the operators who deliberately make a "trap" that Internet users are paying more expensive. Others around 42% of Internet access via Internet Access Public facilities such as cafes, cyber cafes, hotspots etc.. Other public places are often used for Internet access is on campus and in the office.

Besides using a PC (Personal Computer), we are also able to access the Internet via Mobile (HP) using a facility called GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). GPRS is a wireless communication standard (wireless) that has a connection speed of 115 kbps and supports broader application (graphics and multimedia). GPRS technology is accessible to support the facility. GPRS settings on the phone depending on the service used. Internet access costs are calculated by the amount of capacity (per-kilobyte) were downloaded.

Internet is also increasingly being used in public places. Some public places that provide Internet services including library and Internet cafe / cafe (also called Cyber ​​Cafe). There is also a place that provides a common center, internet access, such as Internet Kiosk, Public access terminals, and web phone.

There are also shops that provide wi-fi access, such as Wifi-cafe. Users only need to bring a laptop (notebook), or a PDA, which has the ability to get the wifi Internet access.

SOURCE OF : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet